Child Sexual Abuse and Its Impact on The Developing Brain,...

1) â€Å"Child Sexual Abuse, Traumatic Experiences, and Their Impact on the Developing Brain† Gaskill, Richard L. and Perry, Bruce D. (2012) â€Å"Child Sexual Abuse, Traumatic Experiences, and Their Impact on the Developing Brain† Handbook of Child Sexual Abuse: Identification, Assessment, and Treatment. Online. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118094822.ch2/pdf Annotated Bibliography: In this article, the author is making an argument that sexual abuse causes brain development problems in the long run. These children gain â€Å"a less ï ¬â€šexible state of equilibrium† (Gaskill 37). They then become poor socialized and have problems in regards to emotional and physical health. In order to these children, they need to be helped immediately,†¦show more content†¦It discusses the different ways to treat children. Not only that but it also argues that there are different forms of sexual abuse. This source does not compare to other sources that we have gather because this source explains various ways to treat children. In the other sources, i t discussed the outcomes of the abuse. The source is quite useful for our project. This source will fit perfectly with our research because in our project we will like to implement ways to treat sexual abuse. I believe this source will help us gather such information to add unto our project. 4) â€Å"Intervention Application for Self-Injury Following Childhood Sexual Abuse† Tangeman, Keegan R. and Shelby, Janine. (2012) â€Å"Intervention Application for Self-Injury Following Childhood Sexual Abuse†. Handbook of Child Sexual Abuse: Identification, Assessment, and Treatment. Online. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118094822.ch19/pdf Annotated Bibliography: The article starts by defining what Type I and Type II mean in regards to traumas. Type I is when a person undergoes trauma in one specific event, however Type II is when a person goes through a long-term trauma with an unvaried amount of time. It also discusses the survival brain versus the learning brain, where the person has a survival brain is constantly surveying their environment scanningShow MoreRelatedIs The Cause Really Worth Fighting For?3566 Words   |  15 PagesNicole Kola Ms.Lagesse AP Eng. Annotated Bibliography 09/04/2015 Is the Cause Really Worth Fighting For? Over the centuries, fervent beliefs have caused many wars. Throughout history, differences between social propaganda have separated and formulated prejudiced ideas about different religions. All across the world, there are people, on all ranks of the social hierarchy, who are being deprived of their rights and are not being heard by their local governments, so they bear up arms and create subversiveRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesWoolls Basic Research Methods for Librarians Ronald R. Powell and Lynn Silipigni Connoway Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles and Application, Fourth Edition Lois Mai Chan Developing Library and Information Center Collections, Fifth Edition G. Edward Evans and Margaret Zarnosky Saponaro Metadata and Its Impact on Libraries Sheila S. Intner, Susan S. Lazinger, and Jean Weihs Organizing Audiovisual and Electronic Resources for Access: A Cataloging Guide, Second Edition Ingrid Hsieh-Yee Introduction

Supply Chain Management Paint Industry - 2389 Words

Supply Chain Management- Paint Industry By: Purvi Mehta Abstract The purpose of this paper is to outline the importance and benefits, paint industry can achieve through supply chain integration. These benefits are primarily in the area of achieving superior customer service and operating with lower working capital. A three level framework for achieving the integration has been proposed which is in the form of structural integration, process integration and performance integration. The paper also describes in detail the factors influencing paint industry working capital needs and how this integration mechanism allows the industry to exercise control over these factors. The framework has been described in the form of a case study in a†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Production operations, including the consumption of materials and flow of finished goods. †¢ Outbound operations, including all fulfillment activities and transportation to customers. Paint Industry: History of Paint and Colour Paint has been in use since prehistory. Evidence survives in early cave paintings and the ancient Chinese are considered to have brought its manufacture and use to a state of perfection tens of thousands of years ago; the painted decoration and hieroglyphics of the ancient Egyptians demonstrate later stunning examples. Paint is made up of a pigment, a binder to hold it together and appropriate thinners to make it easy to apply. Before the nineteenth century the word paint was only applied to oil-bound types; those bound with glue were called distemper. A vernacular alternative for farmhouses and cottages was lime wash or colour wash. Raw Materials A paint is composed of pigments, solvents, resins, and various additives. The pigments give the paint color; solvents make it easier to apply; resins help it dry; and additives serve as everything from fillers to antifungicidal agents. 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Nature vs Nurture Free Essays

Nature vs. Nurture essayPosted by admin as Essays Example essay on Nature vs Nurture: The natural characteristics of a person can either be quite similar or quite different to the unnatural characteristics of a person. The natural characteristics of a person are the traits that come from their parents; the ones that people are born with which are genetical. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs Nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now These traits are developed biologically. The unnatural characteristics of a person, or the nurtured characteristics, are the traits that people develop themselves after they are born. The environment of a person’s life greatly determines their personality. The traits a person has that they weren’t born with are the traits that the environment has influenced on them. There are many traits that I have inherited naturally through genetics from my mom and dad. I can tell that my work ethic has been inherited from my dad because he is a very hard worker and I also strive to achieve my personal best. My mom tends to be very sensitive at times and concerned for other people’s feelings, which I know, I have inherited. I have also inherited my dad’s super mathematical skills and my mom’s artistic abilities. I can also tell that I have inherited a good sense of well being from my mom. There are also many behaviors that I have developed from the environment I grew up in. I have learned to respect all people from being influenced at school and by my parents. I’ve also been trained to be responsible of things such as doing my work. I learned that if I am not responsible and don’t do my work, then I must pay bad consequences. I have also learned from experiences that if I do what I am supposed to do, I may be rewarded for it. I have been influenced to do something that will benefit myself and be rewarded for good things done. My environment has influenced me in many ways to act upon certain things automatically. Things like looking both ways before crossing the street, or other things that appear to be common sense are learned from nurture. I believe that my personality is a combination of both nature and nurture. I think that I am probably more nurtured though. I have gone through many experiences in which I have learned different lessons. These lessons have taught me how to act in my life. I know that I am a very different person than my mom or my dad. I don’t have very much in common with either of them. Although we do share some of the same aspects, I feel that I am more different from them than alike. I have developed the majority of my social skills from my friends and not my parents. Most of my social life revolves around my friends, who have influenced me in a lot of the decisions I make and in the way I act. I don’t socialize with my parents nearly as much as I do with my peers. I don’t think I know my parents well enough to say if I am like them when they are around their friends or not though. My personality is also partly nature though because I find that I do think like my parents sometimes. Most of the time I find that I think more like my friends because I am around them a lot more. My parents and I share a lot of the same opinions too, and not just because I grew up thinking the same way they do. The nature and nurture of a person can vary greatly. Sometimes there are certain things that are hard to decide whether they are inherited or learned. I might share some qualities with my parents, but they could just be characteristics that I learned in my life that my parents also learned in their lives too and weren’t inherited. I believe that genes indicate the potential for one’s behavior and personality, and that the environment helps create the extent as to how that behavior is carried out. How to cite Nature vs Nurture, Essay examples Nature vs nurture Free Essays I was reading an article called â€Å"Nature Nurture In Psychology written by Saul Mcleod published by the website â€Å"psychologically. Org† In 2007 1 was deeply intrigued by the argument. Are the things we do in life coming from our surroundings or are we the way we are the day that we’re born? The article defines and answers all questions or curiosities we had about this subject and supports each and every one of them with psychological resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now As you read the article you start o realize and understand the meaning to the question and start to make your own opinions and assumptions. There is the question that we all want to know, but we couldn’t figured it out yet. So the question Is; what makes our personality nature or nurture? Every people answering this question differently, some people says nature Is making our personality, some people says nurture or some people says the both. I believe that the both things are making our lives, because we all have some skills from our parents that we can’t ignore. Also, things that we are seeing changing us too. For example I was trusting people that I just met, but when I get hurt from one of them it changed all my behavior, now it is so hard to trust someone for me. On the other hand, the video that I watch about twins showed me how nature can affects your personality. The twins were separated from birth and they met each other after 35 years and they realize that they have too many similarities this showed us how the nature is important for this question. Although, I would Like to give an example about homosexual people. I knew some homosexual people and I talked them about their sexual orientation then I realized hat there are two kinds of homosexuality. One of them Is about the nature; some people are Borneo to be a man but they actually have a women soul inside in that body, so they are becoming homosexual after while they realized that and it is so normal in this time. Also, I met some homosexuals that nurture made them as a gay person. When I talked some of them told me that they have 2-3 sisters and they grow up with them, and they told me growing with sisters might made them a gay person. Long story short, in this two different gay personally situation it is easy to understand hat the nature and nurture are both effecting our lives. In conclusion, as in the argument of nature vs. nurture it is hard to define an answer for this question. As I mention the video of twins showed us that nature is playing a big part to make our personality. Also, the homosexuality situational Is showing us that the nurture can change our behavior and personality as much as nature. How to cite Nature vs nurture, Papers Nature vs Nurture Free Essays Running Head : NATURE VERSUS NURTURE ? Nature versus Nurture (Name (University (Professor (Course /Subject )? Nature versus Nurture ? Before psychology and sociology have dealt on the behaviour of man , the ? dominant view concerning human behaviour was centered on the theory ? proposed by Charles Darwin . He explains that , human nature and human ? behaviour are all natural . By this , Darwin proposed that humans acted ? out of natural tendencies or instincts which are dictated by nature ? through â€Å"genetic make up ‘ as later discovered by Gregor Mendel . We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs Nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now ? However , this kind of thinking was later on rejected through the ? knowledge of the role of â€Å"nurture ‘ which is a shaping a persons ? behaviour or attitudes and perspectives through cultural context . This ? idea was first instituted by John Watson in his â€Å"behaviourism .? Later on , social scientist began to claim the importance of learned ? social behaviour . On the part of Freud , he developed the theory of ? psychoanalysis which relates biological factors with personality and ? behaviour . He claimed that humans have basic needs that are prompted by ? rives and urges , however , humans are also influenced by society . A ? three dimensional personality results from this , that which is consist ? of the id-which is basically biological needs and satisfaction , the ? conscious ego-the pleasure dimension and the superego-the cultural ? influence to the individual , which includes , morality . Piaget on the ? other hand develops a cognitive theory , in which he created stages of ? how persons know things . The first is through sensorimotor stage which ? consist of sensory perception , followed by the pre-operational , wherein ? anguage are learned through cultural contact , thirdly , the concrete ? operational wherein the person already learned to use logic and ? relationships and finally the formal operational , characterized by the ? ability to think hypothetically . Kohlberg have outlined his ideas with ? Piaget , however , he is more concerned with moral development . According ? to him , the first stage is comprised of pain and pleasure which is ? termed as preconventional stage it would then be followed by ? conventional stage in which there is already recognition of right and ? rong . The final stage is the post conventional stage in which there is ? a possibility to critique or find fault within the normal cultural ? thinking . Carol Gilligan , work with and improved Kohlberg ideas by ? incorporating gender with moral development . According to her , males and ? females creates moral judgments using different perspective males uses ? justice perspective which is deeply connected to societal rules and ? bias , while women uses â€Å"care and responsibility ‘ perspective which is ? ttached to personal damage and harm . Mead recognizes the impact of ? societal bias to the perspective of the â€Å"self ‘ of each individual ,? promoting the concept of a â€Å"looking glass ‘ in which the person is ? conscious about how others perceived the person . The concept of a ? subjective self and an objective â€Å"me ‘ suggest that a person sees ? himself as both independent and dependent to the society in which he ? belong . Lastly , Erikson believ es that personality develops throughout a ? persons ‘ lifetime . How to cite Nature vs Nurture, Papers Nature VS Nurture Free Essays The Nature versus Nurture argument is one both psychologists and sociologists have looked at and studied extensively to the degree that it has become one of the great debates in both fields of research. On one side Nature, the argument that It Is the genes of the parents that shape a person behavior, personality and even the persons well being to an extent, but the other argument is that is is Nurture not Nature that controls how a person turns out and that It Is how you are brought up that will shape the person. Both arguments have legitimacy and proof for their lams. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature VS Nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now One thing that Is said to be shaped by these factors Is your aggression and control of your aggression, most people will have heard things Like â€Å"you have your fathers temper† this Is a common view throughout society that people Inherit their parents aggressive or passive behavior, this would back the theory that Nature Is the deciding factor and to back this it has been found that things like ADD which can cause people to act out in various ways is actually hereditary, this therefore helps prove the theory that nature is what shapes a person aggression. However there is people that do not inherit or even have conditions similar to this in the family then how do you explain people that have similar anger issues when they don’t have a medical condition, this is why people argue that it is not nature but nurture that is the reason for peoples personality including the anger, this is because most parents bring up their children in a similar way to their upbringings which could lead to similar issues with aggression. I think that Nurture is a key factor as it is found that people brought up around violence or shown violence as way to solve things will us it hen they would have seen it for example if a parent says that if you do X I will hit you then is that child sees another child doing X then they are likely to hit the person as that is how they was brought up and they see that as the norm. Another thing that is argued is whether someone has even been born a killer, there has been stories throughout history of how people have been born to kill people, this has been a common tale for places such as Sparta and even In England with the cells. Forever there is little modern evidence to support this theory but there Is an Incredible amount of evidence of people that have been brought up with death of relatives and close friends which have lead to them becoming accustomed to the feeling around them a great example of this Is Myra Handled Infamous for a series of murders known as the moors murders, wh ere five 10-17 year olds were killed and burled by Myra and her husband Ian Brady. Myra was brought up by an ex-military father with a harsh hand, When Handled was aged 8, a local boy approached her In the street and scratched both of her cheeks with his fingernails, drawing blood. She burst into tears and ran into her parents’ house, to be met by her father, who emended that she â€Å"Go and punch him [the boy], because if you don’t I’ll leather you! † Handled found the boy and succeeded in knocking him down with a sequence of punches, as her father had taught her. As she wrote later, â€Å"at eight years old I’d drowned in her local reservoir while swimming, to which she blamed herself. This is just another example of how nurture is what defines us. In Conclusion Nurture is in my opinion based on all the evidence I have gathered and studied, the deciding factor of what creates a personality. This shows that it is more your upbringing than your genes that shape a person’s character. How to cite Nature VS Nurture, Papers Nature vs Nurture Free Essays NATURE NURTURE l. Human development Is based in 2 assumptions A. Having the capacity to become a member of human society B. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs Nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Becoming a social being through Interaction II. Nature and Nurture A. Nature biological factors implies the contribution of heredity to the human being human potential determiner examples: height, weight, health B. Nurture social environment all things that influence affects our human potential examples: nutrition, emotional experiences, psychological experiences Ill. The effects of nature and nurture are Inseparable. A. There Is an Interaction that exists between the 2. Example: Intelligence Nature- inherited through genes (could either be musical, verbal, mathematical, etc. L one may have a complex mix Nurture-factors that may affect intelligence: diet, exercise, environment ‘V. Social Isolation- depriving human beings from social experience – through this we can see the crucial role of social experience to human development -Sociologist Kinsley Davis A. Sociable’s Case- a 6 yr. Old child, with rickets, was raised by her mute and deaf mother In her grandfather’s attic B. Anna’s Case- a child who was isolated and shut- off from her family V. Feral Children- untamed, savage, and wild – suffered from extreme social isolation -has lived away from human contact from a very young age -raised in the wild by wild animals – Richard P. Appellate and William J. Chemicals (1997) A. Genie’s Case- a child who was raised in near isolation for the first twelve years of her life B. Victor’s Case- a French feral child who spent his majority of childhood in the woods VI. Institutionalized Children- Rene Spits (1945) A. Compared the Infants In an orphanage with those In the In a women’s prison nurseries W. Harrow Study- â€Å"Monkey Love Experiment† by Harry Harrow (1 sass) A. Infants and intimacy than from their need for milk. B. Love is vital for normal childhood development. How to cite Nature vs Nurture, Papers Nature vs nurture Free Essays string(119) " parents that she did not want to see Dry Money again and that if they forced her to go then she would commit suicide\." Whereas nurture is the environment around us that can influence our upbringing and it is the society around us that affect the way we think or do certain things. It refers to a person’s childhood and how they were brought up and what they learn. Nature vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature vs nurture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nurture debate does not have a firm conclusion to say which one has more value as it is a debate that has been discussed between philosophers to identify which one has more influence in our lives. Some philosophers argue that the nature is most influential in our lives as it is part of our genetic makings, something that we cannot change even if we want to. Others argue that nurture is more influential as it determines our personality and our perspective of things, the way we view things. For example, a teenager wanting to be a doctor when they grow up is not part of our nature, it goes more towards nurture because it is the way we are brought up that influences our decisions in life. If a child had a parent who is a doctor and they watch their parent making people feel becoming well, then they might want to do the same as they might get fascinated by it. This decision that the child made to become a doctor is the doing of nurture because the child was influenced by what he saw around him. Nature on the other hand is nothing that can be fixed or change at any cost. For example, if a child was born with illness such as Cystic Fibrosis then this is something that they cannot recover from, they might get medication to help them survive but it is not something that they can get well from as it is part of their genetic making. Furthermore, some people argue that nurture has more influence in our lives because a serial killer does not become a murder because it is in his genes, but because they are influenced by what they see around them. Some philosophers claim that a person’s development is influenced by both nature and nurture. For example, if a person is born with blonde hair and blue eyes, this is something natural that they cannot change, however, if they live in a posh area, then their accent would be posh; this is something that is nurture is responsible for because the community a person lives in WOOL_SLD determines the accent they would have. Dry Money and the boy with no penis is the story of David Rimes who was turned in to a girl when he was baby due to his Penis being burned off during circumcision. When David was born he was called Bruce and his twin brother was called Brian. Dry John Money was a sexologist; he debates about sex changes operations on transsexual. When Brace’s penis was burned off, his parents Janet and Ron Rimes were very upset over and did not know what to do. When they found out about Dry Money, they finally found hope, knowing that he would be able to help their child. Dry Money believed that nurture can win out nature anytime. For example, he believed that a boy can be turned in to a girl and they would be able to live a happy normal life like every other person. When Brace’s parents contacted Dry Money, he found a way that he could prove his theory. He wanted to show the world that if a twin boy’s sex was changed and he was turned into a girl and treated like one, then that boy would be able to live a normal life as a girl. When he found about Bruce, he advised Bruce parents to treat him like a girl and not let her know that she was a boy. As Bruce did not have a penis, his parents thought that it was the perfect solutions for their son. Therefore, Brace’s sex Was changed and he was turned into a ‘she’ and was called Brenda. Brace’s twin brother Brian was rough up as a normal boy and he believed that he had a twin sister called Brenda. Brenda grew up believing she was a girl and her parents bought her pretty dresses to wear and dolls to play with. Everything was going smoothly and Brenda had regular visits with Dry Money to see how her life was going. Dry Money was convinced that his theory was working and that a child born as a boy can be turned in to a girl and lives a normal life and that nurture can win out nature. However, his theory was not really working because Brenda was not behaving like a girl, instead she did not like playing with dolls and wearing reuses. She became a tomboy and thought she was going crazy because she felt like a boy. She did not have any friends as girls did not want to play with her because she acted like a boy and boys did not want to play with her because she was a girl. Brenda was unhappy with her life. When she went to visit Dry Money again with Brian, he wanted her to understand the difference between a girl and a boy. He told her that girls have flat and boys have ‘sausage’. He wanted to convince Brenda so badly that he made both Brenda and Brian takes their clothes off and took pictures. He also tried to convince Brenda to have a vagina construction. Dry Money also introduced Brenda to a transsexual, who was born as interest (with both a vagina and a penis) and decided to become a female. Dry Money thought that the transsexual would be able to convince Brenda to go through the vagina construction. However, Brenda was very upset over it and run away from his office. When she went home she informed her parents that she did not want to see Dry Money again and that if they forced her to go then she would commit suicide. You read "Nature vs nurture" in category "Papers" Her parents were shocked over how Brenda was reacting and decided to stop sending her to see Dry Money. When Brenda turned 13 her parents could see how unhappy she was and that is when they decided to reveal the truth to the twins. When Brenda found out that she was a boy, she was very happy about it. However, her twin brother was not happy, instead he was very angry and upset to know that he was not the only boy in the family and to take his anger out he broke a window. On the other hand, Brenda decided to have an operation and get a penis and decided to call herself David. Now that he is a boy, David was very happy with his life. It seems that Dry Money theory about nurture winning out over nature was rang because it is clear that even though Brenda did not know she was a boy, she still felt like one and acted like a boy. She did not like things that girls like, this indicates that no matter how you are brought up, you cannot outrun the nature and you cannot change the way you are born. Therefore, it is nature can win nurture anytime because nature has more importance in a person’s life as it is something that is natural and not manmade. It can be clearly identified that even though David was brought up as a girl, deep inside he felt like a boy. His physical, emotional, social and intellectual development as affected because of it. Physically David did not like playing with dolls and wearing pretty dresses, instead he preferred to play video games and toy cars. Dry Money forced Brenda and her twin her brother Brian to take their clothes off and took picture of them. Intellectually Brenda thought she was going crazy because she felt like a boy and did not act like a girl. She wanted to commit suicide because she did not want to see Dry Money anymore. Due to the events happening in her life, Brenda was not doing so well in school. She was not able to concentrate in her school work and she was bullied by there children because Of the way she acted. When Brian found that Brenda was in fact a boy that his twin sister was a boy, he was very upset over it. Later on he developed schizophrenia and died. When David found out that he was a boy he was very happy about it as he thought he was going to crazy before because he did not feel like a girl. David felt lonely all lonely because he did not have any friends and he did not like visiting Dry Money as he felt uncomfortable with. David emotionally suffered from what had happened to him in the past and finally felt like he fit in once he found out that he was in fact a boy. David later on got married to Jane and was happy with her. When Jane asked to be have separate time away from David, he was upset about it and he did not have a job to support him. David felt overwhelmed with everything and committed suicide by shooting himself. Socially David always felt alone because he never really fit in as he did not have any friends to stay With. As he was depressed over his life, David did not like going out much. It can clearly be identified that in Dry Money was wrong about Nurture out being more significant than Nature as we can see that in Davit’s case nature overthrew nurture. It can be identified as David was born as a boy he always felt like a boy even though he was brought up like a girl and he was never even aware of his real gender. This is a perfect evidence to argue that nature can win out nurture anytime because no matter how David was brought up, his true feelings about himself and how he viewed the world was not false. His feelings could not be changed regardless of how or the way he was brought up. 18 years old Emily was born with Down syndrome and she attends public school with all the other people and she is doing well in her school work. SSH?s ridden pony from the age of four and takes part in the competition with everyone in the local riding club. Emily has a boyfriend and her own group of friends who she loves spending time with. She is now in college, finishing her A-levels and she also works. Having Down syndrome has affected Emil)/s physical, emotional and intellectual and social development. Email’s physical development has been affected by Down syndrome as her appearance is different from other individuals. Her nose has flat nasal bridge and she has a small mouth. Her eyes are smaller than other people in her Emily. When she talks her tongue gets in the way as it is bigger than average. Furthermore, her eyes are smaller normal people and her hands are small and fingers are broad. When Emily was born, her weight and length was below average. She is susceptible to illness; therefore, she is able to catch cold very quickly. Emily emotional development has also been affected by Down syndrome as she might find it difficult to cope and accept the fact that she is different from other children and that her physical appearances is also different from other peers or her sister. She might feel frustrated as she cannot do regular activities like normal people her age. Furthermore, she might also feel happy over the fact that she can spend time with her horses, looking after them make her feel proud of herself. Also Emily has a boyfriend which might make her feel good about herself, knowing that she has someone who loves her for who she is, having a boyfriend might also make her feel pretty and beautiful. Moreover, Emily also has a job which might also make her feel proud of herself as she can do regular job like other people and she would not feel left out. Although Emily might also feel alone and isolated from the rest of the world as she has difficulty talking, this might make her feel bad about herself. Emily seems happy with her life and she has a supportive mum who is always there for her so that might make her feel full and happy. Emily also attends college and has friends which may make her feel happy, knowing that she has people who care for her and are there for her. Although there might be days where she might wonder if people only stay with her and like her because they feel sorry for her due to her illness, or is it because they really like her as person. She might feel depressed and stressed out because of those thoughts. However, so far, Emily seems to be accepting her illness and feel positive towards life. The intellectual effect of Down syndrome in Email’s life is that she has no sense of danger like other people her age. For example, as her mum has explained, when Emily was young she did not know what danger was, I. E. , she would cross the road without waiting for the cars to stop and let her pass because she was not aware of harm as other children her age were. Emily suffers from learning disabilities, therefore, at school; she requires learning assistance as she has difficulty understanding school work. Furthermore, Emily has good knowledge of taking care of horses as she has her own pony that she regularly spends time with. Therefore, intellectually, she would be very good with looking after and caring for animals. Email’s life is socially very active as she has friends that she goes out and spends time with. She also has a boyfriend who she also spends time with by going on dates. Furthermore, as she likes riding horses, and has her own pony, she would most likely spend time with her horse every day. Also, she has a job; therefore, she would meet new people during her shifts, she would be able to socialize with them which would make her feel happy. Riding horse and looking after them helps Emily stay active and strong. Moreover, her parents meet up with other parents whose children also suffer from Down syndrome like Emily; therefore, she gets to meet with people that are like her. She would be able to open up to them and share her feels and spend time with them as they would be more understandable towards her due to the fact that they share the same illness as her. How to cite Nature vs nurture, Papers

Harvey Norman Intangible Assets Essay Example For Students

Harvey Norman Intangible Assets Essay TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract2 Introduction2 Business description and main activities3 Harvey Norman Resources5 Tangible Resources5 Profit from continuing and discontinued operations6 Profit from property6 Sales at franchises7 Sales at company-owned stores8 Intangible Resources8 Computer software and licence property8 Goodwill9 Harvey Norman Invisible Balance Sheet10 Internal Capital11 External Capital13 Individual Competence14 Recommendations15 Conclusion17 Appendix19 Appendix 119 References20 Abstract Harvey Norman is one of the biggest consumer electronic retailer in Australia (D Richard, 2010), well-known for its recognisable brand name and local community involvement, Harvey Norman had achieved steady growth since its establishment on 1982 with 195 stores nationwide and 69 stores outside Australia. The success of Harvey Norman can’t solely be attributed to its services performance as a retailer nor solely to its physical assets and property, this report will examine the structure and resources of Harvey Norman both physical and intangible with a focus on the latter, of importance are intangible resources that give competitive advantage from its individual competence, internal, and external capital, an invisible balance heet will also be derived to put these intangible resources in perspective. Following that a recommendation for Harvey Norman management will be presented on sustaining its competitive advantage and growth through the management of intangible. Introduction It has been far-known that a company’s financial annual report has limitation as it does not have a detailed explanation on the true value of company’s intangible assets and resources. Sveiby suggests that as external shareholders, investors are willing to know on the true worth of the company; not just based on its financial calculation, but more towards its know-how capital, employees’ intelligence and experiences, internal company’s structure, external relationships and more importantly, the company’s revenue-generating resources. Nevertheless, it is only ‘what’s on the surface’ that gets measured in the annual reports such as office furniture instead of the employees’ knowledge. This report was developed to provide insights on the management of tangible and intangible resources of Harvey Norman Holdings Limited, with the latter being the more important highlight on this report. It will also provide details on the invisible balance sheet owned by the company by outlining some key invisible organisational resources. In the end, this report will offer recommendations to be implemented by the company to better manage its key intangible resources. By analysing and looking into these intangible resources, shareholders are in the hope to look for signals beyond the financial annual report and are to be given true indicators on the company and its staff’s production capability, stability, know-how capital and profit potential, on which their decision to sell or keep their shares are based on. Business description and main activities Harvey Norman Holdings Limited is a franchisor and an Australian public company, which has expanded internationally, including New Zealand, Ireland, Singapore, Malaysia and Slovenia (Annual Reports 2009). According to 2009 Insider Retailing article, the company is now ranked third on the Australia’s top 10 retailers and is the leading non-food retail chain in Australia. Within its franchising system, the company offers extensive products range, cutting edge technology, and market leadership in most product categories. Harvey Norman Holdings Limited grants franchises to independent business operators under three leading brand names, i. e. Harvey Norman, Domayne and Joyce Mayne. As at December 2009, there are 635 Harvey Norman, Domayne and Joyce Mayne franchisees in Australia (Company Profile 2009) As stated in the company profile, the principal activities of the company are embedded in its integrated retail, franchise and property system. The company’s retailing system include sale of furniture, bedding, computers, communications and consumer electrical products online as well as in-store. Within its franchising system, the company provides retailing strategy and marketing techniques in turn for receiving the franchisees fees that are based on sales. Harvey Norman is said to be ‘part retailer, part property-trust’ as the company property holdings account for nearly 50 percent of its total assets (Money manager, 2008). These assets also produce main source of income for the company including regular rental income from the franchisees, and also acting as an investment income where it can successfully develop properties from vacant land to retail complexes. The major benefits of this integrated model enable Harvey Norman to lower the cost of debt financing by securitizing a portion of income-producing property portfolio. This would free up capital and helps to boost returns. In terms of the history development of Harvey Norman, appendix 1 illustrates the important evolvements. It has been one of the dominant leaders of Australian retail industry since 1970s. Based on the business performance of last few decades, Harvey Norman has shown a rapid growth compare to its competitors. Harvey Norman Resources Tangible Resources According to the company’s profile, Harvey Norman Holdings Ltd is one of leading retail chains in Australia, which has franchisors, company-owned stores and properties across the world (Australia, New Zealand, Slovenia, Ireland, Singapore, Malaysia). The franchisees retail products are Electrical, Computers Communications, Small Appliance, Furniture, Bedding Manchester, Home Improvements, Lighting and Carpet Flooring. The company generates its profit both from continuing and discontinued operations, and its main continuing operation comes from the franchises sales in Australia, New Zealand, Slovenia, Ireland, Singapore and Malaysia. The profit also comes from the revaluation increments of properties owned by company in Australia and overseas. Profit from continuing and discontinued operations According to the 2009 Annual Report, the Harvey Norman’s net profit for year comprised of profit from continuing operation and discontinued operation. In 2007, the net profit for year was $407. 5 million, and $324. 10 million of it comes from continuing operation, the other $83. 15 million was from discontinued operation. However, the net profit for financial year 2009 significantly dropped to $214. 35 million compared with $358. 45 million in year 2008. One reason of this decline is the absence of profit from discontinued operation. In 2007, company got discontinued profit $83. 15 million after tax on sale of its controlling interest in Robel Sport Limited, however, there was no profit gain from discontinued operations in 2008 and 2009. The other reasons of decline in profit in 2009 are property revaluation increments and retail operation from New Zealand decreased, expansion in Northern Ireland, and start-up investment cost and trading losses in OFIS in Australia. Profit from property The property owned by company also contributes to profit. It includes investment property in Australia; owned land building in New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia; plant and equipment; and joint venture properties. In 2007, the net revaluation increment before tax minority interests recognized in income statement was $65. 68 million. In 2008, this number was $102. 8 million and $9. 68 million in 2009. The net profit of 2009 declined 40. 2% compared with previous year (Annual Report, 2009) Sales at franchises The franchisee sales revenue increased steadily from 2007 to 2009, from $4. 50 billion to 5. 06 billion (the sales made by franchisees in Australia do not form the consolidated financial results). The franchising operations segment result before tax also increased because of higher franchise fees and lower franchise tactical support based on Annual Report 2009. The sales revenue made by franchisees at overseas increased in 2007 when translated into Australian dollars. The sales revenue from Ireland increased 131. 85% because of new store opened and effective promotion activities. However, there were $9. 52 million and $49. 33 million operation losses in 2008 and 2009 due to economic recession in Europe and other factors, such as difficult UK retail market, worse trading conditions in Ireland and increasing inflation. Moreover, there is no improvement in near future at Ireland franchisees according to management analysis. The economic recession in New Zealand and the devaluation of NZ dollars also resulted in the decrease of franchising operations segment result in New Zealand from $52. 0 million in 2008 to $44. 42 million in 2009. The Asia sales also got negative impact from closure of the export and distribution business in Singapore and Malaysia. However, there was increase in Slovenia retail segment result from $0. 58 million in 2007 to $3. 12 million in 2009 because of increasing brand recognition and appreciation of Euro related to Australian dollars. Sales at company-owned stores The company-owned stores include ‘Harvey Norman’, ‘Norman Ross’ branded company-owned stores in New Zealand, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Singapore, Malaysia, Slovenia and OFIS brand name in Australia. The number of these stores increased from 53 in 2007 to 69 in 2009, and the sales revenue of owned stores also increased from $1,329. 43 million to $1,440. 65 million. However, in New Zealand, one new store branded Norman Ross (discount retailer of electrical computer goods) was opened in December 2007 but closed in June 2008 only after six months operation. And other five OFIS brand stores in Australia were closed in February 2009 after eight months operation. Intangible Resources Pablo Picasso Essay SummaryAlthough there is certain benefits from Harvey Norman unique business model which stem from local franchise-owner management, there is strong disadvantage on competing over a wider national region where it lacks the focus of a single business direction and efficiency of overhead cost allocation. It is thus recommended for Harvey Norman to retain its intangible on local expertise and local management, while at the same time also courting them along with regional leads to participate on collaborative projects and initiatives. The objective of these projects would be to strengthen individual local store manager ties to the whole of Harvey Norman business and encourages them to participate and be involved to act as a business unit. Over time the benefit from closer relationship and interaction between franchisee would allow Harvey Norman as a whole to implement store-wide policies and projects, a more efficient allocation of infrastructure costs, and also act as a cohesive unit like its main competitors while still maintaining its competency on local expertise and local community ties. With this strategy it’s very likely for central management to face initial resistance to change from franchisee, at least during the earlier period of implementation. Despite Harvey Norman’s stellar performance within the Australian market, the same could not be said for its overseas operation where the results are more varied, a case in point is its operation in Ireland where its stores still struggle to produce profit and induce growth. Outside of the familiar Australian market, one of the biggest mitigating factors against Harvey Norman is its lack of brand awareness and customers’ goodwill on international market, it’s brand name ‘Harvey Norman’ does not carry the same weight internationally as it does within Australia. Another mitigating factor is the lack of expertise and local knowledge of management expertise, unlike its local operation Harvey Norman could no longer claim its image as the friendly local retailer with local expertise. With the goal of overseas operation growth in mind, it’s recommended for Harvey Norman to transfer as appropriate some elements from its Integrated Retail, Property and Franchise system and local management expert franchisee strategy as it’s done in Australia to its international operation. With consideration to budget allowance, an aggressive marketing campaign involving local community on overseas operation can be conducted to promote Harvey Norman brand as a global brand with local expertise and involvement. In the long term this campaign will improve overseas customers’ perception of Harvey Norman as a friendly reliable store that contributes to their community. Another good course of action for Harvey Norman strategy on overseas growth is to increase its solicitation to potential franchisee, given the right circumstances Harvey Norman’s integrated franchise system which allow for difference on local management will allow for significant growth at international market while still maintaining the same laissez-faire style of store management as in Australian market. Harvey Norman as a global brand will grow as the number of franchisee increases. Conclusion Harvey Norman has enjoyed continued growth and profitability within Australian market since its establishment on 1982. Attribution to these successes goes beyond the services it provided as consumers discretionary retailers, even more significant is Harvey Norman immeasurable intangible resources on the form of its unique franchise and property structure and off-hand branch management. Under its integrated retail, franchise, and property system Harvey Norman is able to continuously grow while sustaining a healthy cash-flow from its franchisee, those franchisee themselves are given a degree of flexibility on store management and encouraged to involve their local business and communities, which in turn enhance Harvey Norman branding as a reliable and friendly local business. Amid these successes the ecent global financial crisis had lowered consumer discretionary spending confidence which tied directly to the slowing growth and profit within Australian market, and a more adverse effect internationally where Harvey Norman brand carries a weaker effect on a global market. It is thus recommended for Harvey Norman to retain its growth rate both domestic and internationally by leveraging its core strength and competency within its intangible resources, that is its franchise and property system and local management. What can be best improved is to encourage its franchisee management to be closer relationally to headquarter and participate more on store-wide projects possibly by including a major incentive for the local franchisee. A more integrated structure and participation like traditional retail structure will bring the benefit of increased economy of scales and efficiency ideally while also increasing the profit-sharing for individual stores, closer co-operation would also allow Harvey Norman group as a whole to tackle large scale infrastructure project that will bring big dividends over the long term. Appendix Appendix 1 982| Gerry Harvey and Ian Norman sell their stake in the Norman Ross retail chain and set up a new store under the Harvey Norman name. | 1987| Harvey Norman goes public on the Australian Stock Exchange. | 1991| Harvey Norman launches a computer superstore. | 1997| The company opens its first store in New Zealand. | 1998| The Joyce Mayne furniture and appliance chain and Ar chie Martin Vox stores are acquired. | 1999| A joint-venture to enter the Singapore market is founded. | 2001| The company acquires the Electric City chain and rebrands all Singapore stores as Harvey Norman; majority control of Rebel Sport retail chain is gained. 2002| The companys first store in Slovenia opens. | 2003| Harvey Norman opens its first store in Malaysia and first two stores in Ireland. | Source: Harvey Norman Company Profile,2010 References Atkinson, B, 2009, Australia Top 20 Retailers Ranking, Insider retailing, accessed 20 April 2010, ;http://www. insideretailing. com. au/Latest/tabid/53/ID/5551/Australias-top-20-retailer-rankings. aspx; Canavan, G, 2008, Harvey Norman Holding Stocks (HVN), Sydney Morning Herald, accessed 21 April 2010, ;http://www. moneymanager. com. au/articles/2008/06/09/1212863542134. tml; John D. HarveyNorman. com. au Australian Superstore review, Aus Business Review. Accessed 21 April 2010, http://www. ausbusiness. net/review/harveynorman-com-a u-harvey-norman-catalogue/ Richard, D. 2008, â€Å"Why Gerry Harvey is wrong and JB-Hi Fi right† , Smart Office, Accessed 21 April 2010, http://www. smartoffice. com. au/Business/Retail/B6X2M6S2? page=2 Richard D, 2010, Harvey Norman Slammed but don’t Knock Management, Smart House, accessed 30 April 2010, ;http://www. smarthouse. com. au/TVs_And_Large_Display/Industry/U9A3V3C9; Sveiby, K Eric, 1989, The invisible Balance Sheet, accessed 15 April 2010, ;www. sveiby. com/books/DenOsynligaEng. pdf; Sveiby, K Eric, 1997, The â€Å"Invisible† Balance Sheet, accessed 25 April 2010 ;www. sveiby. com/articles/InvisibleBalance. html; Unknown, Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Accessed 20 April 2010, ;http://www. harveynormanholdings. com. au/annualreports. htm; Unknown, Harvey Norman Company Profile 2010, Accessed 21 April 2010, ;http://www. harveynormanholdings. com. au/pdf_files/Company_Profile_2010. pdf; Unknown, Harvey Norman implements automated purchase ordering process, 2010, Transport and Logistics News, Accessed 28 April 2010, ;http://www. tandlnews. com. au/2010/04/16/article/Harvey-Norman-implements-automated-purchase-ordering-process/ETIWEAZKFW; Unknown, Harvey Norman implements automated purchase ordering process, 2010, Transport and Logistics News, Accessed 28 April 2010, ;http://www. tandlnews. com. au/2010/04/16/article/Harvey-Norman-implements-automated-purchase-ordering-process/ETIWEAZKFW; Unknown, Why the Harvey Norman Franchise Operation is Flawed. 009, Every Franchise News, Accessed 27 April 2010 ;http://www. everyfranchise. com/articles/why-the-harvey-norman-franchise-operation-is-flawed-600. htm ; Unknown, JB or Harvey Norman, Whirlpool Forum, accessed 21 April 2010, ;http://forums. whirlpool. net. au/forum-replies-archive. cfm/1413261. html; Wang, F. 2009, Sink or Swim: A critical study of the success of the JB Hi-Fi business model, Ozbankers. com, accessed 22 Ap ril 2010, ;http://ozbankers. com/index2. php? option=com_content;do_pdf=1;id=29; - . Richard D, 2010, Harvey Norman Slammed but don’t Knock Management, Smart House, accessed 30 April 2010, . Sveiby, K Eric, 1989, The invisible Balance Sheet, accessed 15 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 6Accessed 20 April 2010, . Atkinson, B, 2009, Australia Top 20 Retailers Ranking, Insider retailing, accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Company Profile 2010, Accessed 21 April 2010, . Canavan, G, 2008, Harvey Norman Holding Stocks (HVN), Sydney Morning Herald, accessed 21 April 2010, 7 ]. Harvey Norman Profile ‘About Us’, accessed on 18 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 3, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 4, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 4, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 55, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 79, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2008, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 55, Accessed 20 April 2010, . Sveiby, K Eric, 1989, The invisible Balance Sheet, accessed 15 April 2010, . Harvey Norman Annual Reports 2009, Page 36, Accessed 25 April 2010, . Sveiby, K Eric, 1997, The â€Å"Invisible† Balance Sheet, accessed 25 April 2010 . Harvey Norman implements automated purchase ordering process, 2010, Transport and Logistics News, Accessed 28 April 2010, . Why the Harvey Norman Franchise Operation is Flawed. 2009, Every Franchise News, Accessed 27 April 2010 . Richard, D. 2008, â€Å"Why Gerry Harvey is wrong and JB-Hi Fi right† , Smart Office, Accessed 21 April 2010, http://www. smartoffice. com. au/Business/Retail/B6X2M6S2? page=2 . John D. HarveyNorman. com. au Australian Superstore review, Aus Business Review. Accessed 21 April 2010, http://www. ausbusiness. net/review/harveynorman-com-au-harvey-norman-catalogue/ . Wang, F. 2009, Sink or Swim: A critical study of the success of the JB Hi-Fi business model, Ozbankers. com, accessed 22 April 2010, . JB or Harvey Norman, Whirlpool Forum, accessed 21 April 2010,

Bertrand Surname Meaning and Family History

Bertrand Surname Meaning and Family History A medieval French form of the given name Bertram, the Bertrand surname means bright raven, derived from the elements beraht, meaning bright or intelligent and hramn,  meaning raven. Bertrando is the Italian version of the surname. Bertrand is the 17th most common last name in France. Surname Origin: French Alternate Surname Spellings: BERTRAM, BERTRANDO Famous People with the Surname Bertrand Alexandre Bertrand -  French archaeologistJoseph Bertrand - French mathematicianAlexandre Jacques Franà §ois Bertrand  Ã‚  - French physician and mesmerist; father of Alexandre Bertrand and Joseph BertrandÉmile Bertrand - French mineralogist for whom bertrandite was namedAntoine de Bertrand - French Renaissance composerLouis Jacques Napolà ©on Bertrand (pen name  Aloysius Bertrand)  - French poet Where the Bertrand  Surname Is Most Common According to surname distribution from  Forebears, the Bertrand surname is most prevalent in France, where it ranks as the 21st most common last name in the country. Bertrand is also fairly common in Luxembourg, where it ranks 55th, as well as Belgium (107th) and Canada (252nd). It is almost twice as common today in the United States (ranked 2,667) as it was at the time of the 1880 census (5,258). Surname maps from  WorldNames PublicProfiler  demonstrate that the Bertrand surname is common throughout France, but is found in greatest numbers in the regions of Poitou-Charentes, Languedoc-Roussillon, Champagne-Ardenne, and Lorraine, as well as in nearby Wallonie, Belgium. Within the United States, Bertrand is, as you might expect, most common in Louisiana, while in Canada it is found in the greatest numbers in Quebec and the Northwest Territories. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Bertrand French Surname Meanings and Origins: Does your last name have origins in France? Learn about the various origins of French surnames and explore the meanings of some of the most common French last names.How to Research-French Ancestry: Learn about the various types of genealogical records available for researching ancestors in France and how to access them, plus how to locate where in France your ancestors originated.Bertrand Family Crest - Its Not What You Think: Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Bertrand  family crest or coat of arms for the Bertrand surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.BERTRAND  Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Bertrand  surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Bertrand query.FamilySearch - BERTR AND Genealogy: Explore over 500,000  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Bertrand surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. DistantCousin.com - BERTRAND  Genealogy Family History: Explore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Bertrand.GeneaNet - Bertrand  Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Bertrand surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries.The Bertrand Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Bertrand  surname from the website of Genealogy Today. References Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Tips for Learning Students Names and Remembering Them

Tips for Learning Students' Names and Remembering Them Learning your students names is essential if you want to create a good rapport and establish a comfortable atmosphere in the classroom. Teachers who learn students names quickly, help reduce feelings of anxiety and nervousness that most students experience during the first few weeks back to school. Here are a variety of tips and tricks to help you remember names and ease those first week jitters. Seating Chart Use a seating chart for the first few weeks of school until you can put names and faces together. Greet Students by Name Everyday greet your students by name. When they enter the classroom make sure to use their name in a short comment. Pair Students in Groups Create a quick questionnaire about what the likes and dislikes of your students are. Then group them together according to their choices. The point of this activity is to help you remember students by associating them with their preferences. Wear Name Tags For the first week or so have students wear name tags. For the younger children, place the name tag on their back so they wont feel the urge to rip it off. Name Cards Place a name card at each students desk. This is not only a great way for you to remember their names, but it will help the classmates remember as well. Memorize by Number Beginning the first day of school, strive to memorize a set number of students each day. You can memorize by number, color, name etc. Use a Mnemonic Device Associate each student with something physical. Relate the students name, such as George, with the Gorge. (Quinn with a pin) Associate Related Names A great memory trick is to associate a name with a person you know that has the same name. For example, if you have a student named Jimmy who has short brown hair, then imagine your brother Jimmys long hair on little Jimmys head. This visual link will help you remember little Jimmys name in no time. Create a Rhyme Create a silly rhyme to help you remember students names. Jim is slim, Kim likes to swim, Jake likes snakes, Jill can juggle, etc. Rhymes are a fun way to help you learn and remember quickly. Use Photographs Have students bring in a photo of their-self on the first day, or take a picture of each student yourself. Place their photo next to their name on your attendance or seating chart. This will help you correlate and remember names with faces. Create Photo Flashcards To help you remember students names quickly, take photos of each child and create photo flashcards. Photo Memory Game Take photos of each student and then create a photo memory game with them. This is a great activity for the students to learn their classmates faces, as well as give you a chance to learn them too! Play Im Going on a Trip Game Have students sit in a circle on the carpet and play the Im going on a trip game. The game begins like this, My name is Janelle, and I am taking sunglasses with me. The next student says, Her name is Janelle, and she is taking sunglasses with her and my name is Brady and I am taking a toothbrush with me. Go around the circle until all students have gone and you are the last to go. With you being the last person to recite all the students names, you will be surprised how many you remember. Being able to identify a student by name make a take a few weeks but with these tips and tricks you will learn them in no time. Just like all the other back to school procedures and routines, it takes time and patience, but it will come.

The American Military Failure in Vietnam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The American Military Failure in Vietnam - Essay Example The fact that the United States never had a real sense of purpose in this war, and the fact that the Vietnamese were able to bog down the American military, are the key reasons why the Vietnamese were victorious in this conflict. The conflict, of course, began when the French decided to release their colonial claims to Vietnam. The French army was driven from Vietnam in 1954, resulting in the Geneva Peace Accords. This created a temporary partition of Vietnam at the seventeenth parallel, until 1956, when nationwide elections would be held. While the Communist powers in the Soviet Union and China did want the entire nation of Vietnam to become Communist, they predicted that the 1956 election would accomplish their aims without bringing the United States into the conflict (The Wars for Vietnam: 1945 to 1975). Rather than initiate another conflict similar to Korea, the American government began a concerted effort to win the political minds of those living to the south of the Communist zone. A major part of this effort was the creation of SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization). Initially, the American efforts were successful: the 1956 elections brought Ngo Dinh Diem, a firm opponent of Communism, to power in South Vietnam (Kaiser, p. 36). However, Diem claimed that the North Vietnamese were preparing to take the southern half of Vietnam by force, and the Americans began aiding his military maneuvers against the northern half in 1957. Diem used a variety of brutal internal measures in South Vietnam to quell the Communist insurgency, including Law 10/59, which permitted authorities to hold anyone who was suspected of being a Communist indefinitely, without bringing charges (Kaiser, p. 41). Over time, Diem became increasingly autocratic, which made him an increasingly difficult leader for the United States to support. In response, the Communist insurgency began to increase the amount of violence in its protests (The Wars for Vietnam: 1945 to 1975). The National Liberation Front was the official organization for those in South Vietnam who wanted to overthrow Diem's government. Created on December 20, 1960, the NLF had only one requirement for membership: applicants had to be opposed to Diem's rule. While the American government scorned the NLF as a mere puppet of the North Vietnamese Communist government, giving it the slur "Viet Cong," there are many who were inside and outside the NLF who claimed that the majority of its members were not Communists - thus showing how unpopular Diem had actually become (Kaiser, p. 44). President Kennedy's policy toward Diem was neither full assistance nor full rejection: the United States supplied advisers and equipment to the South Vietnamese government, but did not commit a large-scale complement of troops to assist Diem's military in its conflict against the NLF (The Wars for Vietnam: 1945 to 1975). This level of assistance was not sufficient to keep the South Vietnamese government stable. After Diem's brother led raids on the Buddhist pagodas throughout the country, claiming that the priests were harboring Communists, there were protests throughout the c

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 86

History - Essay Example Critical thinking is paramount in our day to day lives and provides us with an intellectual approach that facilitates us to choose from the available kind of information what is relevant and applicable in our lives and leave out the rest. The class has enabled me to look at present day as a stepping stone onto the future and that fifteen years from now, the world will have undergone massive transformations ranging from health, infrastructure and the general well being of society (Fea, 2013). Lastly, understanding historical events is essential for effective understanding of the condition of man. This will permit man to build and may also be important in initiating change upon a secured foundation. The most significant determinant of history is time. Time creates history and history exists because of time. And in conclusion, history is situated in time-space, which anchors the cosmos together, framing both the past as well as the present (Fea,

Analyse the market for Tesco Groceries within the UK Essay

Analyse the market for Tesco Groceries within the UK - Essay Example Founded in 1924, Tesco is the largest retailer in the UK market as well as the largest UK based international supermarket chain with 1,780 stores in the UK and 586 outlets internationally. The company which originally focused on food retailing has now expanded in to retailing of clothing, household electronics, fincial services, internet and telecommunications. Company is displaying tremendours financial performance with over 15% growth in its revenue reaching  £ 34 billion in year 2005 and a widely publicised operating profit of  £ 2 billion. With over 1780 stores spread across UK and a strong presence in Ireland and a host of other countries, with its 586 international outlets, Tesco retail operations employ over 240,000 employees. The UK supermarket segment operates on a highly differentiated platform where the segmentation is done on customer profiles, geographic locations as well as product and image offer of each player. The focus on differentiation in the industy is evident in the total expenditure of  £150 million on advertising by key players. Tesco initially positioned itself on â€Å"Best Value† platform and based its operations on the principle of "Pile it high, sell it cheap" approach of the founder Jack Cohen. While this positioning attracted the lower income classes, it created a cheap image of the company and alianated the middle class consumers. To counter this negtive image, the company revised its approach to "inclusive offer" a phraseused by Tesco to describe its aim of catering to all stratas of income gorups from the same stores (Tesco.com 2005) . Under this approach the company offers â€Å"Finest and Luxuary† range as well as low priced â€Å"Value† range to cater t o varying disposable income levels of its differentiated customer bases. The company also differentiate its outlets through five formats, which differ in shop floor size and the range of products sold. These

Leadership and Communication Scenario

Leadership and Communication Scenario Erin Tracy What does leadership mean to you? The definition of leadership is just as much an ambiguous idea to you as it is to the researchers that strive to define it. Pinning down a single, definitive answer to my question is all but impossible due to the ever-changing aspects of the subject matter itself. To be a leader, you must have someone to lead. This much everyone agrees is true, however, the rest remains opaque. From this base knowledge, you can begin to build your own definition having first understood that when dealing with people no one definition will ever fit the bill. According to Dr. Victor S. Sohman of Drexel University, leadership and teamwork are two sides of the same coin (2013) one never truly existing without the other. This is an important concept when considering what effective leadership looks like, the communication styles associated with effective leadership and the real-world application of these concepts. What is Effective Leadership? James MacGregor Burns defined leadership as the reciprocal process of mobilizing, by persons with certain motives and values, various economic, political, and other resouces, in a context of competition and conflict, in order to realize goals independently or mutually held by both leaders and followers (Burns, 1978 ). Samson Girma defines leadership as the approaches addopted by superiors in their everyday interaction with employees. (Girma, 2016) Lastly, Dr. Victor S Sohman addopted the deffinition as follows: Leadership comprises influence processes affecting the interpretation of events of followers; the choice of objectives for the group or organization; the organization of work activities to accomplish the objectives; the motivation of followers to achieve the objectives; the maintenance of cooperative relationships and teamwork; and the enlistment of support and cooperation from people outside the group or organization (Sohmen, 2013). As you can see there is a wide range of oppinions as to the definition of leadership; so if one can not even decide how to define it how can you begin to objectively measure it? Communication Styles Associated with Successful Leaders Dr. Victor Sohman did this best by, first setting a very inclusive definition and then adapting the Five-Dimensional Leadership Competency Model developed by K.S. Cameron and D.A. Whetten (2011). These five aspects of leadership are 1. Transformational 2. Transactional 3. Organic 4. Contemporary; and 5. Ethical (Sohmen, 2013). Transformational leaders use enthusiasm to motavate their employees; Transactional leaders use rewards to motivate results; Organic leaders emit a sense of inclusion to their team to motivate them to acomplish goals; Contemporary leaders lead by structure to gently push their constituants in the proper direction, and finially; Ethical leaders utalizes their own personal integrity to inspire their people to greatness. Building your leadership style off of a model like this has many benefits. As you can tell, all of these atributes are interchangeable. A leader may use any of these or any combination of at any given point throughout the day to effect change withi n their company. Therefore, being fluent in these is a critical aptitude of a successful leader. Real World Applications The ability to implement these concepts in the real world can be challenging, however, we can all agree that a leader that only communicates when he needs something done, and only tells his team what to do and not why they are doing it will not be effective. While there are a multitude of strategies that a leader could use to correct this lack of communication, there are a few that could prove essential in this situation. The knowledge of generational differences in your employees (and yourself) along with individual strengths and weaknesses are keys to navigating the subversive terrain of leadership. Being able to lead the individual as well as the group will set you on a path to success. Another concept that will allow you to be successful is being able to mutate yourself and the way that you communicate to the person that you are trying to reach. Just saying the words is not enough, especially if you do not say it in a way that they are going to hear you. Learning how to use new t echnology, electronic communication, and face to face interactions are all critical in maintaining open communication with followers. The implementation of a Contemporary type of leadership coupled with an Ethical addition would likely be a good fit for everybody in this situation. This would allow the leader to maintain some of the structure that they are used to making a more seamless transition of change. The addition of an Ethical form of leadership would serve as a stabilizing factor during change. The sheer presence of a confident and true leader will set everybody involved at ease making it easier to change the culture of the company. If the employees have been particularly upset by the lack of communication the transparent aspects of the Transformational type of leadership would likely help as well. All in all, by considering what effective leadership looks like, the communication styles associated with effective leadership and the real-world application of these concepts, you can begin to get an idea of the success of your leadership style. No matter what style or combination of styles you choose to implement, by having quantifiable standards set, one is better able to reliably asses the effectiveness of ones leadership style to effect change within a company. References Burns, J. (1978 ). Leadership. New York: Harper Row. Flauto, F. J. (1999). Walking the Talk: The Relationship Between Leadership and COmmunication Competence. The Journal of Leadership Studies, 86-97. Girma, S. (2016). The relationship between leadership style, job satisfaction and culture of the organization. International Journal of Applied Research, 35-45. Sohmen, D. V. (2013). Leadership and Teamwork: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Journal of IT and Economic Development, 1-18. Whetten, D. A. Cameron, K.S. (2011). Developing Management skills. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall /Pearson.

The Hero Essay -- essays research papers

The Hero A hero is not just the title of an action-packed kung-fu flick with subtitles. A hero these days has many meanings; depending on the time and reason that person is called a hero. According to Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, the definition becomes very broad. It starts as being â€Å"a mythological or legendary figure often of divine descent endowed with great strength or ability† and becomes â€Å"a man admired for his achievements and noble qualities.† The last definition listed is probably the most modern of the many, being â€Å"an object of extreme admiration and devotion.† These definitions are in the same order as listed in the dictionary, but also seem to be chronologically listed as well, because overtime the meaning of the word hero adjust it’s self to the people using it. Thus, the definition of a hero changes parallel to the evolution of society, religion, and politics, in order to placate the desires of the people involved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If we look back, over a thousand years ago before Christianity became the omnipotent religion of the West, we hear of stories of heroes being passed down orally from generation to generation. In â€Å"Beowulf† we have this invincible brute tearing the limbs off of hideous friend Grendel, all in the name of fame and glory. A few hundred years later, when â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† was jotted down, we still have people being dismembered, but our character traits have changed a little. Sir Gawain is not the c...

High School Prophecy Essay

Life is an exciting, mystical, powerful and romantic adventure in the modern WORD. As we face life, how would we imagine the success of ourselves? We should prepare to face another chapter of our life in the future. Ten years from now I can imagine myself being an administrator of a famous school waiting for my promotion as a division superintendent staying in my own beautiful mansion — living in a comfortable life. As I traveled along the shores of the Philippines I couldn’t shut my ears off listening to a beautiful voice inside araneta coliseum— oh! It is the nightingale of our school way back when I was in high school, Beverly Rose Mangubat. I couldn’t believe she is now one the most popular singers in the Philippines. Then when I went back to the cruise ship where I am riding I saw a beautiful woman, my eyes sparkled as I saw Ann Maurice Branzuela now a very successful maritime officer. Then I departed the ship and preparing myself to drive off the road with my beautiful BMW. I went on a conference with the different school administrators in the province; I couldn’t help but laugh watching the one and only guy during our high school days who is now an administrator of the newest university in the province— Jhon Oneal Collamat, so called to be one the most eligible bachelor in the Country. As I traveled the road way back home, I suddenly stopped and glanced at a huge skyscraper; which is also a bank, and my heart was jumping when I found out that it was Carlyn Mae Tamayo who owns it— the math wizard during our time. As I opened my computer at home a new webpage was found, I couldn’t get my eyes staring on the screen as I read the name Jesha Mae Roflo— she was the founder. Don’t even think about it when she even made a virus to hack computers herself. Wow! Life is really amazing. We need to imagine our success to have an excellent future!

Socharstvo Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Socharstvo Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Socharstvo - studia udskej postavy poda modelu - pozornos sa venuje idealnym proporciam =poda vzoru antiky - vychodisko: anatomia, pohybova stranka tela - princip zlateho rezu - snaha oddeli sochy od architektury ajej samostatne uplatnenie vpriestore -socha= samostatne dielo, ktore sa stava sucasou architektury material: kov, kame, mramor, palena hlina - MICHELANGELO: DAVID... Maliarstvo -Architektura: exterier- SGRAFITY /vyskrabavanie viacerych vrstiev omietky/ interier - maba Vytvarne umenie: -spociatku vplyv gotiky ZNAKY = geometricky konstruovana perspektiva - iluzia hbky =zobrazovanie ziveho pohybu audskeho tela na zaklade poznatkov zanatomie =ideal krasy: clovek plny zivota aoptimizmu, usachtile postavy krasne vduchu kalokagatie =priestorova hbka =studium prirody =svetlo atie =realisticky nazor na zivot =objavenie perspektivy= opticky jav, ktory vznika zobrazenim trojrozmerneho sveta na dvojrozmernu plochu tak, ako ho vidime vskutocnosti =objekty sa smerom do diaky zmensuju arovnobezky smerom khorizontu sa zbiehaju =bod, vktorom sa stretavaju, sa nazyva ubeznik TECHNIKA= freska, sgrafito, olejomaba CIE= snaha zachyti obraz tak, aby zodpovedal skutocnosti Vyznamny predstavitelia -umelci, vsestranne nadani LEON BARISTA ALBERTI -florentsky ucenec, architekt, teoretik -posobil vo Florencii, Rimini, Mantove FRA ANGELICO - florentsky maliar ranej renesancie - lyricky zobrazoval naboz. temy - nastenna aoltarna maba PAOLO UCCELLI - Poovacka vlese FILIPPA BRUNELLESCHI -florentsky sochar aarchitekt - zakladate atvorca renesancnej architektury -jednoduchy harmonicky asvetelny priestor - Chram San Lorenzo, kupola Domu St. Maria del Fiore vo Florencii LEONARDO DA VINCI -taliansky maliar, sochar, architekt, vynalezca, hudobnik, vedec, teoretik umenia - bol ziakom Andreu Verrocchia - studoval prirodu, robil pitvy ana ich zaklade anatomicke studie -udske telo= najdokonalejsi pristroj, vychadzal zneho aj pri tvorbe hudobnych nastrojov - jeho kresba poda Vitruvia - Homo quadratus, vktorej hada paralely medzi proporciami udskeho tela ageometr. tvarmi -bol zakladateom vedeckej atechnickej ilustracie - navrhoval lietajuce stroje / zo skumania vtacich kridel / - vymysal parne dela, loziska mechanickych guocok - za najvyssie umenie povazoval maliarstvo, pretoze dokaze najvierohodnejsie napodobni prirodu -pouzival sfumato- jemne prechody medzi tieom asvetlom atzv. leonardovsky usmev TVORBA: MONA LISA (La Giocconda), DAMA SHRANOSTAJOM, SV. JAN KRSTITE, POSLEDNA VECERA MICHELANGELLO BUANAROTTI -florentsky maliar, sochar, architekt, basnik - fresky vSIXTINSKEJ KAPLNKE vo Vatikane -plastickos, modelovana svetlom atieom, dokonaly pohyb, dynamika -namety : strop Genesis -fresky su syntezou kresanstva, antiky aj vplyv Danteho Bozskej komedie -vytvoril zaklad noveho slohu - baroka - pokracoval vstavbe Chramu sv. Petra vRime - kupola -budova Bibliotheca Laurenziana vo Florencii - SOCHY: Pieta, David, Mojzis SANDRO BOTICCELLI -bibl. namety- naboz. sceny - neskor socialne motivy - alegorie- PRIMAVERA, pribehy zantickej mytologie ZRODENIE VENUSE - kresba, pouziva tenke ciary, zobrazuje detaily, pouziva tlmenu farebnos - vytvoril ideal zenskej krasy - vytvaral symbolicke alegorie -dekorativnos malieb - postavy- zachytene velegantnych pohyboch amaju rozviate draperie

Alternative Energy Research Paper

Alternative Energy Research Paper Free Online Research Papers The worlds sources of fossil fuels are drying up faster than the earth can renew them. Fossil fuels, like coal and oil take the earth thousands of years to reproduce so an effective alternate energy source must be explored. For many years we have been running out of oil. This phenomenon is called the Hubbert peak theory also known as peak oil. Hydrogen is a great option to power an engine. To make hydrogen we can decomposition methane or using electrolysis. There are two methods: combustion, and fuel cell conversion. Nuclear power is also an option to powering a vehicle. As we all know we have to use uranium to produce nuclear power. Biofuel is a fuel that comes from biomass, living organisms, like cow manure. This area is very active, because it can convert biofuels and other fuels into fuel cells (Biofuels) Alternative Energies The worlds sources of fossil fuels are drying up faster than the earth can renew them. Fossil fuels, like coal and oil take the earth thousands of years to reproduce so an effective alternate energy source must be explored. Fossil fuels or crude oil has been around for a long time and can be refined to form a number of products. Such products include gas, naptha, gasoline, kerosene, gas oil or diesel, and other things. This form of an energy source is used in many things such as generators, electricity, automobiles, aircraft, watercraft, and many other things. While this is a very strong and versatile energy source it still is an excellent energy source. We are also running out of crude oil, a non-renewable resource. For many years we have been running out of oil. This phenomenon is called the Hubbert peak theory also known as peak oil. The peak oil theory states that every finite resource has a beginning, middle, and an end of production. Production of oil usually follows a bell shape curve when graphed. When oil production reaches the mid-point of its life it also reaches the peak oil production. This theory was developed by the geologist for Shell oil, named M. King Hubbert. In the 1960s Hubbert predicted oil would peak 40 years from then, putting peak oil production right about now. Since oil is running out we have to start thinking about alternative fuels that are available to us. The problem is not whether these alternative energy sources exist or nor, they do. Should the government fund and give large tax breaks to research into alternative energy sources. Alternative fuel is any other method of powering an engine without using petroleum. Some of these alternative fuels and methods of powering an engine or the economy are: coal, hydrogen, nuclear power, biofuels, Athabasca Oil Sands in Canada, Venezuelan Orinoco tar sands, green alternatives, and Thermal Depolymerization. These are just few of other methods. The majority of these alternative fuels are arranged to be cheap, non-polluting, and infinite sources of energy. (Hubbert Peak Theory) Coal is a fossil fuel dug up from the Earth by deep mining. Coal is an extremely important source that produces electricity worldwide. In the United States coal produce over half the electricity consumed by the nation. Coal can be produced into oil by gasification and liquefaction (Coal). This process is called synthetic oil from coal (Life After the Oil Crash). This is a good process because it does not contaminate the environment. However, coal is not as great as it seems. Coal production will peak approximately 2 decades. If demand remains frozen at the current rate of consumption, the coal reserves will indeed last roughly 250 yearspopulation growth alone produces the lifetime to some 90-120 yearsthe use of coal for conversion to other fuels reduces the lifetime of coal to less than a human lifespan (Life After the Oil Crash). Hydrogen is a great option to power an engine. To make hydrogen we can decomposition methane or using electrolysis. There are two methods: combustion, and fuel cell conversion. In combustion, hydrogen is burned like in traditional gasoline cars. The combustion cars burn hydrogen directly, and produce water vapor, which is non-polluting. In fuel cell conversion, hydrogen is turned into electricity through fuel cell, which powers the engine (Hydrogen vehicle). Fuel cell conversion is highly efficient. However, there are problems with this method. The problem with combustion is that hydrogen fuel is used rapidly. The first problem fuel cell conversion has is that hydrogen has a low density. Meaning that the amount that can be stored is limited (Hydrogen vehicle). The second problem is the expensive cost of making a reliable fuel cell that would provide electric power in a hydrogen car. Fuel cell designs require the use of platinum, and platinum will become scarce soon (Life After the Oil Crash). The third problem is that hydrogen is an energy carrier, meaning that it does not produce energy. It has to be produced by fossil fuels (Hydrogen vehicle). The electrolysis process consumes more energy than it produces. Nuclear power is also an option to powering a vehicle. As we all know we have to use uranium to produce nuclear power. At the rate we are consuming gasoline, there are 50 years left of low cost uranium (Life After the Oil Crash). There are reactors that create inefficient nuclear fuel, which leads to nuclear waste. However, there are more efficient reactors that reduce the amount of nuclear waste. If we use these types of reactors we are still going to have 10,000 to 5 billion years of uranium for use in these power plants (Nuclear Power). However, nuclear power is less convenient than what they state. It is dangerous to put a nuclear reactor in your trunk (Life After the Oil Crash). It is also a problem because we do not have the time or the money to build 10,000 power plants to produce the energy we get from fossil fuels (Life After the Oil Crash). It will take $3-5 billion per plant, without including the cost to repair old reactors, and converting nuclear energy appropriate for cars, boats, and airplanes. It takes 10 years to build one of these nuclear power plants (Nuclear Power). Biofuel is a fuel that comes from biomass, living organisms, like cow manure. This area is very active, because it can convert biofuels and other fuels into fuel cells (Biofuels). Bioenergy develops 15% of the worlds energy use. Biomass can also be used for the making of electricity and heating. There are solid biomasses that can be made into fuel, like: wood, straw, animal waste, husks or shells from crops, and bagasse (Alternative Fuel). There are also liquid biomasses that can be used as fuel: bioalcohols, like ethanol, methanol, and butanol; biological produced oils like, straight vegetable oil, waste vegetable oil, and biodiesel; oil and gases can be produces by methane, and thermal depolymerization. Gaseous biomasses can produce fuel, like: bio-methane, wood gas, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (Biofuels). However, biofuels has become less efficient than oil. It consumes more energy than it produces. It takes 11 acres to grow enough corn to fuel one automobilefor 10,000 miles, or about a years drivingthe amount to feed seven people for the same period of time Life After the Oil Crash). To replace a small part of our oil supply we would have to turn most of Africa into a giant biofuel farm. Its a great idea, and we can develop it further, but it wont be enough to the rate we consume oil (Biofuels). The Athabasca Oil Sands are large deposits of tar sands that are located northwestern of Canada and Venezuela Orinoco. It is said that Athabasca contains two thirds of total global oil deposits (Alternative Fuel). It contains 1.6 trillion barrels of oil. With the technology we have today only 311 billion barrels could be extracted (Athabasca Oil Sands). Then why not get most of our oil supply from the Athabasca Oil sands? According to the Department of Energy it will only lower oil prices less than fifty cents. It will also take 10 years to come online. It will peak at 875,000 barrels per day, but not until 2025. By then we would need 35 million barrels per day, while the world needs 120 million barrels per day (Life After the Oil Crash). Green alternatives like, solar, wind, wave, and geothermal power are fine ways to power the nation, better yet the world. Geothermal energy comes from radioactive decay from the core of the Earth. Which heats the Earth inside out, and the sun heats the surface. There are three ways to produce geothermal energy: geothermal electricity, geothermal heating through deep Earth pipes, and geothermal heating through a heat pump (Geothermal Power). The most renewable energy is solar energy, energy coming directly from sunlight. Solar power can be made by: generating electricity using solar cells, generating electricity using thermal power plants, generating electricity using solar towers, heat buildings, heat buildings through heat pumps, and heat foodstuffs through solar ovens (Solar Energy). When the sun heats up the earth unevenly, it creates winds. Wind is able to run wind turbines capable of producing electricity. Some areas do not have prevailing wind power so its best to put them offs hore or at high altitudes, the wind is more continuous. Waterpower can be harnessed and used (Wind Energy). Like water is a thousand times heavier than air, even a slow stream of water can produce large amounts of energy. There are many forms of waterpower: hydroelectric energy, tidal power, tidal stream power, wave power, ocean thermal energy conversion, and deep lake water-cooling (Water Power). However, green alternative is not a good idea. The green alternatives have limited capacity, compared to fossil fuels. Californias 13,000 wind turbines generate as much electricity like a single 555-megawatt natural gas fired power plant (Life After the Oil Crash). To replace a drilling platform that pumps 12,000 barrels of oil per day we would have to build 706 wind turbines (Wind Energy). The combined output of all solar cells in the world is less than 40% of the output of a single coal power plant. The amount of energy distributed by one gas station in one day is equal to the amount of energy that four Manhattan size city blocks of solar equipment produces. To power the whole Earth with solar panels it will take 220,000 square kilometers (Solar Energy). These options only produce energy at certain times or conditions of the day. In order to power a small portion of Earth we would need trillions of dollars to build hydrogen-powered cars, trucks, boats, and air plains; need thousand s of dollars to build oil-powered factories; build an expensive refueling and maintenance network; and we would need huge amounts of platinum, silver, and copper (Life After the Oil Crash). All of these alternative energies and fuels cannot compare to the efficiency oil produces for us. These alternatives were too expensive, there was not enough time, and more energy was put in to produce than it produced, or it was an underdeveloped idea. All of the alternative energies need a little bit of maturity to produce something as proficient as oil. Recently many countries have become increasingly interested in indigenous, renewable energy sources, such as tidal energy as an alternate to fossil fuels for the production of electricity. Tidal energy is a huge source of renewable energy and holds great potential for future electricity generation. Tidal power is predictable, unlike solar power or wind energy. Though, even using modern day technological advances the amount of energy generated will still not totally cover and resolve the worlds energy supply problems. Alternative energy is an option that needs to be put into play. It is proven wind generators have a very mild, hardly if any effect on the environment. If anything a bird might fly into the propellers or a cluster of wind generators might somehow generate a magnetic field disrupting migratory birds route during migration season. Another problem would be lack of wind. Imagine if we relied mostly or entirely on wind power, if we had no wind going things would be thrown int o chaos and confusion, people would be helpless in some places, looting would be abundant and many other problems would be occurring. The curiosity of mankind has led to the discovery of various types of energy, the most essential being nuclear energy. It has become such a necessity over the years that humans cannot survive without it. Nuclear energy provides us with relatively cheap electricity, it helps expand the making of drugs and the equipment in the medical field, and the most vital of all, nuclear weapons. When Einstein and Hahn first began exploring this fascinating kind of energy, their intentions were not to use it as weapons of mass destruction. Unfortunately, that is what humans have made of them. Nuclear Weapons are a threat to the world; they are harmful to the environment and its inhabitants, they are indestructible and they cause competition between nations. Nuclear power has been around since the early 1950s. It is clean with the exception of producing of radioactive waste which has to be stored somewhere, plus there is a risk nuclear meltdown. It is still extremely efficient, for example a golf ball sized lump of uranium can fuel a nuclear powered submarine for 13,700 leagues or 66144 kilometres. Uranium-238 has a half-life of 4.5 billion years and makes up 99 percent of the total amount of uranium on the earth. I cant explain the process of nuclear reactors in one small paragraph so Ill just say that heat from the uranium is used heat water, create steam, and that steam spins turbines. So what do you think about coastal wind farms? Are you all for them, unsure, or completely against them? Well these wind turbines have caused a real uproar and this project of coastal wind farms havent adapted to the public as the government thought they would. Its now staring to look as though its been more trouble than what its worth. The Victorian government has designed on installing 2000 megawatts of energy production by 2010, which is the equivalent of 1200 to 1500 wind turbines. There are at present 27 operating wind turbines in Victoria, 14 at Codrington near Warrnambool, 1 on the Bellarine Peninsula, and 12 at Toora here, in South Gippsland. Each turbine stands between 100-130 metres tall, the equivalent of a 35-40-storey building, and the next generation is said to be even bigger. This sounds good, positive, its clean and renewable energy, pollution free, but it was where the turbines were to be placed that outraged the public. They were to be placed overlooking some of our most pressured landscapes on our coasts, like Wilsons Promontory, The Great Ocean Road at Nirranda, The Bay of Islands, Discovery Bay, Cape Bridgewater, Logans Beach, Corner Inlet, Bald Hills, and Kilcunda Coastal wind farm projects have become a problem as they have already, and will continue to have a devastating visual impact on our beautiful coasts, ruining the natural landscapes that values Australias Coastline. The sight of our coastlines has been obscured by these giants and is said to be industrialising our coast, which is hypocritical. As much as the coastal communities are fighting for their coast to stay the way it is, the government doesnt seem to be listening. This is only one disadvantage of these coastal wind farms, as there are many difficulties that have contributed to these projects. Another complaint is that wind farm developments could actually wipe millions of dollars from Victorias coastal property market, which has already occurred of up 30%. Landowners within 2 kilometres of Toora Wind farms have struggled desperately to sell their properties, and those who found buyers had to sell well below the market price. This price is also expected to drop even further if more wind farm developments near the coast start to take off like the expected wind farms near Cape Liptrap, which is said to have devastating effects on land values and its scenery. The noise factor is another problem, which has been an issue after some of these developments. People have been forced to abandon their dream homes from the coasts because of the tremendous noise of these wind farms. Mr. Stephen Garito, who said he had to leave his peaceful country lifestyle because of the low frequency, humming noise that is generated by the blades as they pass the towers and high speeds, which he said, created a similar effect to nightclub music. It was like a disco beat coming from a few blocks away rising and falling all day and all night. Even with all the windows and blinds shut, it still didnt stop the irritating noise, making them unable to sleep at night. The glare from the rotating blades was also a major turnoff for prospective buyers, and they complained as the flicker was worse than noise and drove you crazy. There was also the cost issue of establishing a wind farm development as each turbine would cost approximately $2.8 million (Australian) to be inst alled, therefore a 40-turbine wind farm would cost around $122 million. That was the bad side of this situation, and believe it or not there is also a good positive side and some advantages to be had with these wind farm developments starting with electricity. A modern 1.75 MW will produce approximately 5 million kilowatt hours of generation per year, which is equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of 900-1000 Victorian households. Wind farm energy is also a renewable resource of clean pollution free energy. Electrical energy is essential to billions of people around the world as we rely on it for the simplest things like light to read and water for the shower, but the conventional sources of power come from burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas, oil, or from nuclear fuels. Apart from the fear of fossil fuel shortages, they are destroying our planet and changing the climate, which has warmed by about 0.7 degrees Celsius in the last 300 years and about 0.5 degrees Celsius of that warming occurring in the last 100 years, which is a great concern . This change is due to the increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases, which these burning fossil fuels have created and scientific models predict that the average global temperature will rise by a further 3 degrees Celsius by the next century, unless change takes place now. With the global temperatures changing, this is also leading to the ice caps in the artic and Antarctic waters already melting, which is leading to sea level rises. The result of this on human and natural environments could be devastating as rising sea levels could submerge whole islands, flood low lying areas in many countries and without doubt push entire species to extinction. An alternative generation of clean energy source like wind farms are a growing importance and a global priority for future generations, as a modern 1.75 MW wind turbine would annually displace approximately 7,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide from other electricity sources. There is also the fact that jobs will be created through wind farm developments including coastal wind farm developments of about 30-50 local jobs during construction, and atleast 5 permanent jobs for operation and maintenance. As the supply of wind farm energy is greater then electrical energy, and depending on the normal economic theory, electrical prices will drop and the power quality should increase. The best advantage of coastal wind farms apart from the general advantages above is that wind turbines can actually be placed on concrete pillars in the water off the shore. So unlike wind farms inland, which still leaves more than 97% of the land its situated on for farming and grazing, these coastal wind farms wont ruin views and sceneries as they will hardly be seen. At Port Phillip, Western Port and Corio bays, 300 wind turbines are planned to be erected across these bays by the Nepean Wind Energy Company. The 140 metre high, 54 metre long bladed turbines are said to be built in water depths of up to 25 metres outside shipping lanes and away from areas with significant bird population. The facility could produce almost half of the State Governments target for wind energy in a single project, and the company claims the project will result in a reduction in the states output of greenhouse gases by 1.8 million tonnes and provide enough power for 260,000 homes. These wind farms will also allow energy users in Melbourne and Geelong to contribute to producing pollution free energy and it is said that A project of this scale has the potential to give Melbourne an iconic and sustainable feature. Research Papers on Alternative Energy Research PaperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfPETSTEL analysis of IndiaRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaGenetic EngineeringOpen Architechture a white paperTwilight of the UAWBringing Democracy to AfricaResearch Process Part One